Many people say that the industry of aluminum alloy doors and windows is too deep, and newly renovated owners will have 99 out of 100 being cheated when choosing aluminum alloy doors and windows. Baydee doors and windows science today teaches you to identify the reasons for the bursting of tempered glass and to avoid the trouble caused by the self-explosion of the glass to the greatest extent.

01 Why talk about self-explosion of tempered glass

Baydee handles several incidents of tempered glass cracking each year, either self-destructing or smashing. I have some experience in judging the reason for the bursting of tempered glass.

I have also encountered many newcomers who have just renovated and purchased tempered glass, worrying that the glass is easy to burst and unsafe; friends around me have also encountered situations where the tempered glass at home was obviously self-destructing, but the merchants made sophistry and shirked responsibility.

Due to these two factors, Baydee felt that it was necessary to share some knowledge related to the bursting of tempered glass, so that everyone can correctly understand tempered glass and try to avoid troubles caused by glass self-explosion.

02 Teach you to distinguish whether tempered glass is self-explosive

The reasons for the bursting of tempered glass are divided into two types: self-explosion and external force factors. Tempered glass self-explosion can also be divided into two types according to different causes. One is the self-explosion caused by visible defects in the glass, such as stones, sand grains, air bubbles, inclusions, gaps, scratches, edge bursts, etc.; the other is nickel sulfide (NIS) in the glass. ) Impurities and heterogeneous phase particles cause tempered glass to self-explode.

Do you find it complicated? Don’t worry, Baydee will teach you two ways to identify the self-explosion of tempered glass.

(1) The first trick is to find "Butterfly"

Every time Baydee went to judge the cause of the burst, the first thing he did was to put his face close to the glass, carefully looking for "butterflies".

watt? What are you looking for? butterfly? ~butterfly? ~ Are you sure?

Be sure and sure! The butterfly that Baydee said refers to the cracks produced by the self-explosion of tempered glass

Stare at the crack and look into the center, and you'll see, wow, it looks like a hudie

Look carefully at the forewing of the butterfly, what is the forewing?

From the science of doors and windows to the body of Lepidoptera Haemidocera insects, I am also drunk~ Here, it is the largest pair of wings. After observing more than a dozen "butterflies", I found a magical rule. Don't blink, look carefully.

You will find that the forewings of this butterfly are hexagonal and distributed symmetrically in a mirror image. If a butterfly with such wings is found on the glass, the glass is probably self-destructing.

2) The second trick is to find the butterfly eggs

The scientific name of this black spot is nickel sulfide (although the chemical formula is useless, but for the sake of showing off, let’s write NiS). For the sake of easy to remember, let’s name it - "butterfly egg". If you find small black spots on the chest and abdomen of the butterfly (as in the picture above), you can be 100% sure that it is self-explosion.

Why are there butterfly eggs in the glass, and why can the butterfly eggs transform into butterflies? Why do some of them transform within 1-2 months while others take several years? How can a butterfly shatter a piece of glass?

These problems that have plagued the glass industry for decades are known as the "cancer of tempered glass", which has the characteristics of being incurable and dying when it explodes.

Butterfly eggs are formed by burning and melting the "nickel" mixed in the quartz sand, the main material of glass, and the "sulfur" brought in by the fuel. You can imagine the lit candles.

Butterfly eggs are in the same shape as the black debris pointed by the arrow. The principles are different but similar. When this piece of glass is sent to another device for tempering treatment—heating the glass core to a temperature of about 620°C, and then rapidly blowing and cooling it, the glass can have a high surface pressure resistance.

The process is amazing, I haven't studied it yet, just think of this link as grilled squid.

During the tempering process, the butterfly eggs will "evolve and transform" when they are stimulated by high temperature. Seeing that the butterfly eggs are about to transform at 379 ℃, they are immediately embarrassed. The glass is rapidly cooled by air, and it has not had time to transform He was frozen.

However, the little baby will eventually transform. This process can be as short as a few hours or as long as several years. Experts say: because the evolution process will have a volume expansion of 2.38%, the speed of expansion depends on the different contents of the butterfly egg components. It is also related to the surrounding temperature.

Therefore, as soon as the evolved butterfly eggs expand, the tempered glass will collapse from the inside to the outside. This is the tragic "cancer of tempered glass".

In addition, according to the research of experts: the size of the butterfly eggs that cause self-explosion is about 0.04 mm to 0.65 mm, with an average of 0.2 mm. So you should be able to see this "butterfly egg" with the naked eye.

What~ Are you going to inspect each piece of glass, and return those with "butterfly eggs"~

Please, there is a butterfly egg in every 5~8 tons of glass. Based on the average area of 1.8 ㎡ per piece of tempered glass, the self-explosion rate of 6 mm tempered glass is about 3‰-5‰ (note that the unit is not a percent).

Even if the self-explosion rate is doubled (your home should be hollow or laminated glass, which is composed of two pieces of glass), only 6-10 pieces of glass in 1000 yuan may self-explode because of butterfly eggs~

You scratch your head and say, then I won’t count, let’s just love it~

Then, the glass in your sun room exploded several pieces (Baydee has encountered it before)

Tell me, why am I so lucky! Woolen cloth!

Hey~ hey~ hey~ don't rush to buy lottery tickets~

3) Other reasons for self-explosion

Baydee specifically consulted experts on the self-explosion of tempered glass. The experts said: the self-explosion of tempered glass is related to the original glass (glass that has not been tempered), the pretreatment process of deep processing enterprises (cutting, edging process, etc.), and the parameters of tempering furnace The settings matter, not so much the glass thickness. Those glass without butterfly eggs also have the potential to self-explode.

03 How to avoid the trouble caused by glass self-explosion

You may ask, we can neither check the butterfly eggs, nor can we guarantee that there will be no self-explosion without the butterfly eggs. How do you want me to avoid the trouble caused by self-explosion? Baydee has 2 suggestions:

(1) When purchasing doors, windows and sunshine rooms, ask the door and window owner where the glass is produced, which company the original film is from, and the level and scale of the deep-processing enterprise; (2) Make a written agreement with the door and window owner in advance Well, if the glass self-explodes, is it covered by the warranty, how long can it be guaranteed, and how to calculate the maintenance fee after the warranty period is exceeded.

04 What if the glass has burst?

When the tempered glass explodes by itself or other reasons, you may be very worried that the glass will shatter and fall, resulting in an accident. Baydee also has 3 suggestions:

(1) Single-layer tempered glass installed without frame and glue (such as shop door, shower room door), whether it is self-exploding or colliding, it will be directly broken into slag. Don’t think about anything at this time, hurry up and sweep it with a broom~ (Tempered glass is broken into countless slags that are small and round, and it is not easy to cause harm to people if the speed is not fast)

(2) Hollow tempered glass (single-layer glass with a frame and glue installation is also applicable), and it will generally maintain the burst state after bursting, and will not fall off and scatter all over the ground temporarily. There are two processing methods:

Indoor broken: close the window gently, don’t move the window and don’t press the glass, if the broken glass is larger, use wide tape to stick it in the shape of a rice font~ Outdoor broken: use wide tape from top to bottom like a couplet , shoulder to shoulder, the movement is as gentle as possible (you need to reach out to operate, the posture will not be comfortable), and then don't touch him again.

All of the above methods can be used as a way to delay the attack. Wait until the new glass arrives, and then replace it. When dismantling the broken insulating glass, it is easy to drop slag on the window sill and the ground. It is recommended to use waste sheets to spread in the construction area. Clean up all the broken glass slag on the old sheets, and finally roll up the bed and throw it away.

(3) Laminated glass will not fall off after a single piece bursts, and can be strong for a long time~

If the two pieces of glass of the laminated glass are broken, although the glass particles are still stuck by the film in the middle and will not fall off, the glass is no longer strong, it is very soft.

But don't worry too much, when the glass glue around it is not cut off, it will not fall off, just replace it as soon as possible, and there is no need to take any measures